Are All Painkillers The Same?

‘I do not want to take painkillers as it is bad for my stomach.’

This is a common statement that we hear about painkillers. While no one should take painkillers without the need to, you do not need to suffer just because of the fear of painkillers. 
When it comes to side effects of painkillers, the type of painkiller and the dose of the painkiller used need to be considered.

Here we have prepared a simple guide on the types of painkillers.

Mild & Safe: Paracetamol

Paracetamol has been used commonly for pains and aches. Paracetamol is safe for most people with gastric problems. 

The downside? Paracetamol might not be as potent as other painkillers. Paracetamol also does not reduce inflammation like some other painkillers.

Commonly Available & A Variety To Choose From: NSAIDs

Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly available in the pharmacy. However, a pharmacist is required to dispense the medication after consultation. NSAIDS is a large group of painkillers. This group of painkillers have an edge over paracetamol in terms of anti-inflammatory effect. Some studies also suggest that NSAIDs are more potent than paracetamol as a pain reliever.

NSAIDs, however, have a risk of causing gastric problems. This concern is significantly higher if you are taking NSAIDs on an empty stomach. Another concern will be its damaging effect on the kidney if NSAIDs are taken long term. 

Do note that you should still take your NSAIDs as instructed by your doctor as your doctor will weigh the risk and benefit of taking NSAIDs before prescribing you. Short term use of NSAIDs is generally safe. Some conditions require NSAIDs not only as a painkiller but also for its anti-inflammatory effect. 

Potent & Addictive: Opioids

Opioids are historically derived from opium. Opioids are strong and very potent painkillers. Commonly used for conditions with severe pain, the supply of opioids is highly controlled.

Relatively New & Relatively Safe: COX-2 inhibitors

COX-2 inhibitors are relatively new. The first of this class was launched in 1998. COX-2 inhibitors are more selective on the blocking of pain pathways. This reduces the side effects caused in the stomach. While COX-2 inhibitors have lower gastric side effects, you still should take this class of medications after a meal.

COX-2 inhibitors have good anti-inflammatory action. 

‘Painkiller’ is a term used to describe a wide variety of pain-relieving medications. Each of them has different advantages and disadvantages. The true picture is much-more complex than what was explained above. Do ensure you discuss with your healthcare professional before choosing a painkiller. 

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