了解事实：马来西亚的新冠肺炎疫苗 | CARiNG Pharmacy
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新冠肺炎

了解事实：马来西亚的新冠肺炎疫苗

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5分钟懒人包，让你全面了解马来西亚COVID-19 疫苗的安全性！

从2020年12月初开始，全球各地的国家都已开始接种新冠肺炎（ COVID-19 ）疫苗。随着第三波冠病病例来袭，迫使半个马来西亚再次陷入行动管制令（MCO）状态，让更多大马人都把期望投射在疫苗上了，希望疫苗能让我们的生活再次恢复正常，并使世界重回正轨。而当首批COVID-19疫苗在2月21日抵达时，大部分人仍对疫苗有着十万个为什么，尤其是疫苗对人体的安全性。

因此，我们整理了目前我国所有的COVID-19疫苗的安全性，让你简单获得最可靠的COVID-19疫苗资讯。

很多人质疑，疫苗开发一般需要耗时多年，为什么COVID-19疫苗那么快？

这次的疫苗研发，已有了之前研究同为冠状病毒的SARS及MERS，作为基础。加上疫情对全球的影响太大，许多国家投入前所未有的资金和共享病毒讯息数据，最大程度推进疫苗研发。

而且，引进马来西亚的疫苗，都经过了第三期医学试验，因此无需太担心！

COVID-19疫苗对所有人都安全吗？

COVID-19疫苗对大部分人群来说都是安全的，除了儿童以及患有某些健康问题的人群。如果您有以下的病史，请向医护人员反映：

  • 曾对该疫苗中活性成分或其他添加剂有過敏性休克（一种严重的全身性过敏反应），此人群不应该接种

此外，孕妇和正在哺乳的妇女，以及免疫力比较低的人，只有在与医疗专业人员协商并仔细考虑风险后，才能接种疫苗。

接种疫苗后会有副作用吗？

注射疫苗后，少部分的人（10-14%）会伴随或多或少的副作用，是不需要过于担心。这些副作用，被称为疫苗异常反应（AEFI），一般上是非常轻微的，而且几日内就能痊愈。

会出现的AEFI包括注射部位红肿、头晕、肌肉酸痛和关节疼痛、发烧、疲劳等。

如果出现疫苗异常反应（AEFI），请咨询医护人员。

COVID-19疫苗会改变我的DNA吗？

不会。 COVID-19疫苗不会通过任何方式更改您的DNA或与其产生相互作用。

辉瑞-生物科技（Pfizer-BioNTech）和莫德纳（Moderna）疫苗为mRNA疫苗，这种疫苗教会我们的细胞如何产生触发免疫反应的蛋白质。来自COVID-19疫苗的mRNA不会进入细胞核，即存储我们DNA的地方。这意味着mRNA不能通过任何方式影响我们的DNA或与其相互作用。相反，COVID-19 mRNA疫苗与身体的自然防御系统合作，以安全产生疾病免疫。如果病毒进入我们的身体，这种免疫反应以及我们身体产生的抗体会让我们免于感染。

References

  1. Malaysia to begin administering Sinovac’s COVID-19 vaccine on Thursday. D Kanyakumari. (Web accessed March 2021) Web link: https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/malaysia-covid-19-sinovac-khairy-jamaluddin-14410430
  2. COMIRNATY® Concentrate for Dispersion for Injection. BioNTech Manufacturing GmbH. (Web accessed March 2021) Web link: https://quest3plus.bpfk.gov.my/front-end/attachment/286/pharma/537480/537480_20210228_132757_.pdf
  3. Information leaflet for UK recipients of COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca. MedImmune UK Ltd. (Web accessed March 2021) Web link: https://www.england.nhs.uk/coronavirus/wp-content/uploads/sites/52/2021/01/Information_for_UK_recipients_COVID-19_Vaccine_AstraZeneca.pdf
  4. CoronaVac Suspension for Injection SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (Vero Cell), Inactivated. Sinovac Life Sciences Co., Ltd. (Web accessed March 2021) Web link: https://quest3plus.bpfk.gov.my/front-end/attachment/5140/pharma/537719/V_52330_20210318_112302_D4.pdf
  5. Safety and efficacy of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine: an interim analysis of a randomised controlled phase 3 trial in Russia. Logunov et al. (2021). The Lancet
  6. Phase III Trial of A COVID-19 Vaccine of Adenovirus Vector in Adults 18 Years Old and Above. CanSino Biologics Inc. 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov
  7. National Covid-19 Immunisation Programme. JKJAV. (Web accessed March 2021) Web link: https://www.vaksincovid.gov.my/pdf/Program_Imunisasi_COVID-19_Kebangsaan_Versi_Bahasa_Inggeris.pdf
  8. Try Guys Debunk COVID Vaccine Conspiracies With Dr. Fauci. The Try Guys. (Web accessed March 2021) Web link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NDuaiYf8WDQ&ab_channel=TheTryGuys
  9. Myths and Facts about COVID-19 Vaccines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (Web accessed March 2021) Web link: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/facts.html
  10. Understanding Viral Vector COVID-19 Vaccines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (Web accessed March 2021) Web link: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/viralvector.html
  11. Safety Updates on COVID-19 Vaccine (Comirnaty®). Wan Noor Ardila Binti Wan Abhar. National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency (NPRA). (Web accessed March 2021) Web link: https://npra.gov.my/index.php/en/health-professionals/recent-updates/426-english/safety-alerts-main/safety-alerts-2021/1527198-safety-updates-on-covid-19-vaccine-cominarty.html
  12. U.S. health experts try to ease Covid vaccine fears as AstraZeneca’s shot faces review in Europe. Noah Higgins-Dunn. CNBC. (Web accessed March 2021). Web link: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/17/us-health-experts-try-to-ease-covid-vaccine-fears-as-astrazenecas-shot-faces-concerns-in-europe-.html

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