你是否常常听到身边的朋友讨论关于只增无减的体重?随着互联网的蓬勃发展,我们不难在社交媒体上看到五花八门的减肥产品、如何迅速瘦身的资讯。但是,你可曾想过,到底是什么原因导致肥胖呢?肥胖到底有多可怕?
根据马来西亚卫生局2019年的一项调查数据显示,我国的肥胖人数高达33.7%,比起2011年的肥胖率(22.7%)来得更高。[2] 卫生局用于治疗肥胖问题的费用占了医疗系统总花费的19.36% ,是东盟国家里最高的。肥胖患病率日渐上升,国民的健康亮起红灯,这个现象着实令人堪忧。
什么是肥胖?[2,5]
肥胖被定义为过量的脂质囤积在身体而造成的一种慢性状态。相信大家对身体质量指数(BMI)不陌生。BMI指数用于对人体进行超重或肥胖分类。如果你的BMI超过27.5kg/m 2,你已经处在肥胖的阶段了。(请点击此处以获得你的BMI指数)
肥胖引起的并发症有哪些?[2,4,5]
肥胖将提高患上其他慢性疾病的风险,包括二型糖尿病、心血管疾病、高血压、高胆固醇、脂肪肝、代谢综合征、骨关节炎、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停以及某些癌症。
血糖与肥胖有何关系?[1,3,6]
糖分是人体细胞的主要能量来源。肥胖的原因在于我们摄取的能量多过被身体需要的能量,未被使用的糖会转变成脂肪。胰岛素(insulin)是由胰脏分泌的一种激素,它主要的工作是将糖分化为细胞的养分。一旦我们持续高糖饮食,过高的血糖会使胰岛素长期过度分泌和脂质囤积,进一步导致胰岛素阻抗(insulin resistance),并提高患上二型糖尿病的风险。马来西亚的一项调查也显示,我国的二型糖尿病患者中,肥胖和超重的患者占了84%的高分比。所以,高糖分与肥胖之间的密切关系不容小觑。
无可否认,本地的美食大多偏向于高糖高脂,市面上的加工食品更少不了添加糖。世界卫生组织建议,人一天的糖份摄取量应少于每日所需能量的10%。如若降低至少于5% 或大约25克糖 (6茶匙),对健康更佳。健康的糖分摄取量配合适量的运动,有助于减肥。
欲知更多关于减糖与减重的相关资料,您可到邻近的康宁药剂行 (CARiNG Pharmacy) 咨询专业的药剂师,我们将一一为您耐心解答。
参考:
- Added sugars drive nutrient and energy deficit in obesity: a new paradigm. JJ DiNicolantonio, A Berger (2016). Open Heart.
- Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Obesity (2nd Edition). Ministry of Health Malaysia (2023).
- Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (6th Edition). Ministry of Health Malaysia (2020).
- Obesity. MyHealth Ministry of Health. (Web accessed June 2023). http://www.myhealth.gov.my/en/obesity-2/
- Obesity and Overweight. World Health Organisation (WHO). (Web accessed June 2023). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
- WHO calls on countries to reduce sugars intake among adults and children. World Health Organisation (WHO). (Web accessed June 2023). Web link: https://www.who.int/news/item/04-03-2015-who-calls-on-countries-to-reduce-sugars-intake-among-adults-and-children
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