What You Should Know About HMPV

As of January 2025, reports have emerged of an outbreak of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in China. HMPV is a virus that primarily causes respiratory infections, particularly in young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems. It can lead to conditions such as bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and upper respiratory infections.¹⸴²

What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?

Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus from the Paramyxoviridae family. It was first identified in 2001. It is a significant cause of respiratory infections worldwide and can affect individuals of all ages, but it is most commonly seen in young children, elderly adults, and people with weakened immune systems.¹⸴²

Signs and Symptoms of HMPV infection:¹⸴²⸴³

• Mild cases: Often resemble those of the common cold, which can include:
  • Runny nose
  • Cough
  • Sore throat
  • Fever
  • Fatigue
• Severe cases: In individuals with underlying health conditions, or weakened immune systems, HMPV can lead to more serious respiratory conditions, such as:
  • Bronchiolitis (inflammation of the small airways in the lungs)
  • Pneumonia
  • Wheezing and difficulty breathing
  • Severe coughing

How is HMPV Transmitted?²

HMPV spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can also be contracted by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus. Its transmission is similar to that of other respiratory viruses like influenza and RSV (respiratory syncytial virus).

Is there any treatment for HMPV?²

Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for HMPV. The management of the infection mainly focuses on supportive care to relieve symptoms. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required for oxygen therapy or respiratory support.

How can we prevent it?³

• Good Hygiene: Wash your hands regularly with soap and water or use hand sanitizer.
• Covering Coughs and Sneezes: Always cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or elbow.
• Avoid Close Contact: Stay away from individuals who are infected.

Outbreaks of HMPV typically occur in winter and early spring, which is similar to other respiratory viruses like influenza. If you are experiencing any symptoms that resemble HMPV, it’s important to seek medical advice. Visit your nearest Caring Pharmacy for more health services, expert advice, and community support!